« Previous
Next »
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 23, Issue 6
, Pages 801-813
, December 2009
Environmental pollutants and the thyroid
References
- . Effects of environmental synthetic chemicals on thyroid function. Thyroid. 1998;8:827–856
- Environmental chemicals and thyroid function. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2006;154:599–611
- . Thyroid disrupting chemicals: mechanisms and mixtures. International Journal of Andrology. 2008;31:209–223
- . A model of the development of the brain as a construct of the thyroid system. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2002;110(Suppl. 3):337–348
- . Environmental chemicals impacting the thyroid: targets and consequences. Thyroid. 2007;17:811–817
- . Environment and endocrinology: the case of thyroidology. Annales d'Endocrinologie (Paris). 2008;69:116–122
- The menace of endocrine disruptors on thyroid hormone physiology and their impact on intrauterine development. Endocrine. 2007;31:219–237
- . Clinical studies of exposure to perchlorate in the United States. Thyroid. 2007;17:819–822
- . Perchlorate: overview of risks and regulation. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2008;46:2307–2315
- Leung AM, Pearce EN, Braverman LE. Perchlorate, iodine, and the thyroid. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, in press.
- The origin of naturally occurring perchlorate: the role of atmospheric processes. Environmental Science & Technology. 2005;39:1569–1575
- . Available from: http://epa.gov/safewater/standard/ucmr/main.html2004;
- Analysis of perchlorate in foods and beverages by ion chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS). Analytica Chimica Acta. 2006;567:39–47
- Uptake of perchlorate in terrestrial plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2004;58:44–49
- Perchlorate and iodine in dairy and breast milk. Environmental Science & Technology. 2005;39:2011–2017
- Perchlorate accumulation in forage and edible vegetation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2005;53:369–373
- Perchlorate and chlorate in dietary supplements and flavor enhancing ingredients. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2006;567:26–32
- . Perchlorate: health effects and technologies for its removal from water resources. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2009;6:1418–1442
- Perchlorate exposure of the US population, 2001–2002. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. 2007;17:400–407
- Urinary perchlorate and thyroid hormone levels in adolescent and adult men and women living in the United States. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2006;114:1865–1871
- . Low dose perchlorate (3
mg daily) and thyroid function. Thyroid. 2001;11:295 - The effect of short-term low-dose perchlorate on various aspects of thyroid function. Thyroid. 2000;10:659–663
- Health effects assessment for environmental perchlorate contamination: the dose response for inhibition of thyroidal radioiodine uptake in humans. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2002;110:927–937
- Effects of six months of daily low-dose perchlorate exposure on thyroid function in healthy volunteers. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91:2721–2724
- The effect of perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate on thyroid function in workers exposed to perchlorate long-term. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2005;90:700–706
- Long-term environmental exposure to perchlorate through drinking water and thyroid function during pregnancy and the neonatal period. Thyroid. 2005;15:963–975
- Gestational exposure to high perchlorate concentrations in drinking water and neonatal thyroxine levels. Thyroid. 2007;17:843–850
- Thyroid function is not affected by environmental perchlorate exposure in first trimester pregnant women. [Abstract] Thyroid. 2007;17:S-82
- The mammary gland iodide transporter is expressed during lactation and in breast cancer. Natural Medicines. 2000;6:871–878
- Perchlorate and iodine in dairy and breast milk. Environmental Science & Technology. 2005;39:2011–2017
- Breast milk iodine and perchlorate concentrations in lactating Boston-area women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2007;92:1673–1677
- The Na+/I symporter (NIS) mediates electroneutral active transport of the environmental pollutant perchlorate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2007;104:20250–20255
- Relative potencies and additivity of perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide on the inhibition of radioactive iodide uptake by the human sodium iodide symporter. Thyroid. 2004;14:1012–1019
- . Maternal thiocyanate and thyroid status during breast-feeding. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2004;23:97–101
- . Smoking during pregnancy – effects on the fetal thyroid function. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. 1986;75:762–766
- Smoking during pregnancy: a significant cause of neonatal thyroid enlargement. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 1991;98:65–68
- Association of first-trimester thyroid function test values with thyroperoxidase antibody status, smoking, and multivitamin use. Endocrine Practice. 2008;14:33–39
- Iodine nutrition in breast-fed infants is impaired by maternal smoking. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2004;89:181–187
- . Nutritional epidemiology and thyroid hormone metabolism. Annual Review of Nutrition. 2006;26:293–322
- . The health effects of nitrate, nitrite and N–nitroso compounds. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences; 1981;
- . Guidelines for drinking-water quality. 3rd edn.. Geneva: WHO Press; 2006;
- . Available from: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/contaminants/dw_contamfs/nitrates.html
- Evaluation of nitrate influence on thyroid volume of adults in a previously iodine-deficient area. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 2008;211:186–191
- Effects of sub-chronic nitrate exposure on the thyroidal function in humans. Toxicology Letters. 2007;175:64–70
- . Iodine status and goitre prevalence in nitrate-exposed schoolchildren living in rural Bulgaria. Public Health. 2008;122:458–461
- . High-nitrate levels in drinking water may be a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction in children and pregnant women living in rural Bulgarian areas. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 2008;211:555–559
- Increased thyroid volume and frequency of thyroid disorders signs in schoolchildren from nitrate polluted area. Chemosphere. 2006;62:559–564
- Intake of dioxins and related compounds from food in the U.S. population. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A. 2001;63:1–18
- . Persistent organochlorinated pollutants (PCB, DDE, HCB, dioxins, furans) and the thyroid–review 2008. Endocrine Regulations. 2008;42:79–104
- . Levels of PCBs, PCDD and PCDFs in breast milk: results of WHO-coordinated interlaboratory quality control studies and analytical field studies. In: Yrjanheikki EJ editors. Environmental health series report 34. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe; 1989;
- . Breast Milk Monitoring Programs (BMMPs): world-wide early warning system for polyhalogenated POPs and for targeting studies in children's environmental health. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1999;107:429–430
- . Polychlorinated biphenyls as hormonally active structural analogues. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1994;102:290–297
- . Polychlorinated biphenyls and thyroid status in humans: a review. Thyroid. 2003;13:1021–1028
- . Relationships of thyroid hormones with polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans, and DDE in adults. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2007;115:1197–1203
- Association between serum concentrations of hexachlorobenzene and polychlorobiphenyls with thyroid hormone and liver enzymes in a sample of the general population. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2001;58:172–177
- Persistent organic pollutants and anti-thyroid peroxidase levels in Akwesasne Mohawk young adults. Environmental Research. 2009;109:86–92
- Effects of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid hormone status of pregnant women and their infants. Pediatric Research. 1994;36:468–473
- Thyroid hormones in pregnancy in relation to environmental exposure to organochlorine compounds and mercury. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2005;113:1039–1045
- Maternal seafood diet, methylmercury exposure, and neonatal neurologic function. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2000;136:599–605
- In utero exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls and its relations to thyroid function and growth hormone in newborns. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2005;113:1645–1650
- Effects of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides on thyroid function during pregnancy. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2008;168:298–310
- . Effects of PCB exposure on neuropsychological function in children. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2003;111:357–376
- . Prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls: a neuropsychologic analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2009;117:7–16
- . Organochlorine compounds in breast-fed vs. bottle-fed infants: preliminary results at six weeks of age. Science of the Total Environment. 2004;329:289–293
- . Environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins. Consequences for longterm neurological and cognitive development of the child lactation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2000;478:271–287
- Synthesis of p-hydroxybromodiphenyl ethers and binding to the thyroid receptor. Organohalogen Compounds. 1998;37:305–308
- Thyroid hormone action is disrupted by bisphenol A as an antagonist. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2002;87:5185–5190
- Bisphenol-A and the great divide: a review of controversies in the field of endocrine disruption. Endocrine Reviews. 2009;30:75–95
- Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Reproductive Toxicology. 2007;24:139–177
- Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol in a human reference population. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2005;113:391–395
- . Available from: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/efsa_locale-1178620753812_1178620772817.htm
- . Bisphenol-A, an environmental contaminant that acts as a thyroid hormone receptor antagonist in vitro, increases serum thyroxine, and alters RC3/neurogranin expression in the developing rat brain. Endocrinology. 2005;146:607–612
- Urinary concentrations of triclosan in the U.S. population: 2003–2004. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2008;116:303–307
- Triclosan, a commonly used bactericide found in human milk and in the aquatic environment in Sweden. Chemosphere. 2002;46:1485–1489
- The effects of triclosan on puberty and thyroid hormones in male Wistar rats. Toxicological Sciences. 2009;107:56–64
- The bactericidal agent triclosan modulates thyroid hormone-associated gene expression and disrupts postembryonic anuran development. Aquatic Toxicology. 2006;80:217–227
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in foodstuffs: human exposure through the diet. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2003;51:3191–3195
- . A perspective on the potential health risks of PBDEs. Chemosphere. 2002;46:745–755
- . Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and in people: a meta-analysis of concentrations. Environmental Science & Technology. 2004;38:945–956
- Plasma PBDE and thyroxine levels in rats exposed to Bromkal or BDE-47. Chemosphere. 2007;67:S386–S392
- . Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated paraffins (CPs) in rats-testing interactions and mechanisms for thyroid hormone effects. Toxicology. 2002;177:227–243
- Dietary exposure to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) alters thyroid status and thyroid hormone-regulated gene transcription in the pituitary and brain. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2008;116:1694–1699
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in maternal and fetal blood samples. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2003;111:1249–1252
- Birth delivery mode modifies the associations between prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and neonatal thyroid hormone levels. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2008;116:1376–1382
- Plasma levels of persistent organohalogens and hormone levels in adult male humans. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health. 2001;56:138–143
- Hormone disruption by PBDEs in adult male sport fish consumers. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2008;116:1635–1641
- Structure-dependent, competitive interaction of hydroxy-polychlorobiphenyls, -dibenzo- p-dioxins and -dibenzofurans with human transthyretin. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 1993;88:7–21
- Placental transfer of a hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl and effects on fetal and maternal thyroid hormone homeostasis in the rat. Toxicological Sciences. 2002;68:361–371
- . Anti-thyroid isoflavones from soybean: isolation, characterization, and mechanisms of action. Biochemical Pharmacology. 1997;54:1087–1096
- Intake of dietary phytoestrogens by Dutch women. The Journal of Nutrition. 2002;132:1319–1328
- . Urinary isoflavones and their metabolites validate the dietary isoflavone intakes in US adults. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2009;109:245–254
- . Estimated Asian adult soy protein and isoflavone intakes. Nutrition and Cancer. 2006;55:1–12
- . Goitrogenic and estrogenic activity of soy isoflavones. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2002;110(Suppl. 3):349–353
- Breast and soy-formula feedings in early infancy and the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in children. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 1990;9:164–167
- . Effects of soy protein and soybean isoflavones on thyroid function in healthy adults and hypothyroid patients: a review of the relevant literature. Thyroid. 2006;16:249–258
- . DDT and human health. Science of the Total Environment. 2006;355:78–89
- . Environmental toxicology and health effects associated with hexachlorobenzene exposure. Reviews on Environmental Health. 2007;22:213–243
- Association between thyroid hormone levels and 4,4'-DDE concentrations in pregnant women (Valencia, Spain). Environmental Research. 2009;109:479–485
- Effects of PCBs, p, p'-DDT, p, p'-DDE, HCB and beta-HCH on thyroid function in preschool children. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2008;65:452–457
- Thyroid disruption at birth due to prenatal exposure to beta-hexachlorocyclohexane. Environment International. 2008;34:737–740
- Environ Health Perspect. Relationship of thyroid hormone levels to levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, p, p'- DDE, and other toxicants in Akwesasne Mohawk youth. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2008;116:806–813
- . Recent global trends and physiologic origins of dioxins and furans in human milk. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. 2007;17:510–524
- . Health impact of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins: a critical review. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. 1998;48:157–165
- . Thyroxine-metabolizing rat uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A7 is regulated by thyroid hormone receptor. Endocrinology. 2007;148:6124–6133
- Serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) levels and thyroid function in Air Force veterans of the Vietnam War. Annals of Epidemiology. 2003;13:335–343
- Neonatal thyroid function in Seveso 25 years after maternal exposure to dioxin. PLoS Medicine. 2008;5:e161
- Multiple adverse thyroid and metabolic health signs in the population from the area heavily polluted by organochlorine cocktail (PCB, DDE, HCB, dioxin). Thyroid Research. 2009;2:3
- Endocrine-disrupting effects of styrene oligomers that migrated from polystyrene containers into food. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2002;40:65–75
- Thyroid function and exposure to styrene. Thyroid. 2008;18:1065–1069
- Endocrine active compounds affect thyrotropin and thyroid hormone levels in serum as well as endpoints of thyroid hormone action in liver, heart and kidney. Toxicology. 2004;205:95–102
- Developmental toxicity of UV filters and environmental exposure: a review. International Journal of Andrology. 2008;31:144–151
- Sunscreens and thyroid function in humans after short-term whole-body topical application: a single-blinded study. British Journal of Dermatology. 2007;156:1080–1082
- . Lead Exposure in Children: prevention, detection, and management. Pediatrics. 2005;116:1036–1046
- . Adult blood lead epidemiology and surveillance—United States, 2003–2004. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2006;55:876–879
- Depressed thyroid indexes associated with occupational exposure to inorganic lead. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1983;143:220–224
- The effect of long-term low-dose lead exposure on thyroid function in adolescents. Environmental Research. 2006;101:140–145
- Impact of lead exposure on pituitary-thyroid axis in humans. Biometals. 2000;13:187–192
- Thyroid function in lead smelter workers: absence of subacute or cumulative effects with moderate lead burdens. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 1998;71:453–458
PII: S1521-690X(09)00075-X
doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.003
© 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 23, Issue 6
, Pages 801-813
, December 2009
