« Previous
Next »
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 22, Issue 6
, Pages 971-987
, December 2008
Surgical approaches in thyroid cancer and lymph-node metastases
References
- . Guidelines for the management of thyroid cancer in adults. Available from: http://www.british-thyroid-association.org
- . Evidence-based endocrine surgery: thyroid cancer. Editorial World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:877–878
- . Referral bias in thyroid cancer surgery: direction and magnitude. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2008;34:556–562
- . An expanded view of risk-group definition in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 1988;104:947–953
- . Intermediate-risk group for differentiated carcinoma of thyroid. Surgery. 1994;116:1036–1041
- Staging systems for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Annals of Surgery. 2007;246:114–121
- In: Sobin LH, Ch Wittekind editor. TNM classification of malignant tumors. 6th edn.. Wiley-Liss, Inc.; 2002;
- . Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973–2002. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2006;296:2164–2167
- Radioiodine ablation of thyroid remnants after preparation with recombinant human thyrotropin in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: results of an international, randomized, controlled study. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91:926–932
- Analysis of surgery-related complications in thyroid carcinoma - a German prospective multicentre study with 275 patients. Acta Medica Austriaca. 2001;33:194–198
- . Optimal surgery for papillary thyroid carcinomas. World Journal of Surgery. 1996;20:88–93
- Management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2006;16:1–33
- . National evidence-based guideline. Available from: http://www.oncoline.nl
- European consensus for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2006;154:787–803
- Extent of surgery affects survival for papillary thyroid cancer. Annals of Surgery. 2007;246:375–384
- Importance of tumor size in papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. The British Journal of Surgery. 2005;92:184–189
- Papillary carcinoma. In: DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz PU, et al. editor. Tumours of endocrine organs. Pathology and genetics. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004;p. 57–66
- In: DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz PU editor. Tumours of endocrine organs. Pathology and genetics. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004;p. 67–72
- . How to define follicular thyroid carcinoma?. Virchows Archiv. 2006;448:385–393
- Minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma: a clinico-pathological study. In: Schmid KW, Böcker W editor. Thyroid pathology. Berlin: Springer; 1997;p. 37–43
- Follicular thyroid cancer treated at the Mayo clinic 1946 through 1970: initial manifestions, pathologic, findings, therapy, and outcome. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 1991;66:11–22
- Follicular thyroid carcinoma with capsular invasion alone: a nonthreatening malignancy. Surgery. 1992;112:1130–1138
- An evaluation of prognostic scoring systems in patients with follicular thyroid cancer. American Journal of Surgery. 1995;170:476–480
- Morbidity and mortality in follicular thyroid cancer. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1995;80:2946–2953
- . Prognostic factors and risk group analysis in follicular carcinoma of the thyroid. Surgery. 1995;118:1131–1138
- Prognostic factors in follicular carcinoma of the thyroid: a study of 198 cases. Head & Neck. 1996;18:118–126
- . Conservative management of patients with intrathyroidal well-differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 2001;130:30–35
- Follicular thyroid carcinoma. Cancer. 2002;95:488–498
- Importance of lymph node metastases in follicular thyroid cancer. World Journal of Surgery. 2002;26:1017–1022
- Follicular thyroid carcinoma: histology and prognosis. Cancer. 2004;100:1123–1129
- . Clinicopathologic significance of histologic vascular invasion in papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2004;198:341–348
- Prognostic factors of papillary and follicular cancer: differences in an iodine-replete endemic goiter region. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2004;11:131–139
- Is patients' age a prognostic factor for follicular thyroid carcinoma in the TNM classification system?. Thyroid. 2005;15:439–448
- Follicular thyroid carcinoma. The role of histology and staging systems in predicting survival. Annals of Surgery. 2005;242:708–715
- . Significance of tumor capsular invasion in well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas. The American Surgeon. 2007;73:484–491
- . Invited commentary: minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 2001;130:119–120
- Minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma: completion thyroidectomy or not?. ANZ Journal of Surgery. 2002;72:844–845
- . Is the UICC/AJCC classification of primary tumor in childhood thyroid carcinoma valid?. Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 1999;40:2125
- Follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer in children. Hormone Research. 2005;63:145–151
- Impact of routine measurement of serum calcitonin on the diagnosis and outcome of medullary thyroid cancer: experience in 10.894 patients with nodular thyroid disorders. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2004;89:163–168
- Unilateral surgery supported by germline RET oncogene mutation analysis in patients with sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 2000;24:1367–1372
- Occult micro medullary thyroid carcinoma: therapeutic strategy and follow-up. World Journal of Surgery. 2000;24:1373–1376
- Improved prediction of calcitonin normalization in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients by quantitative lymph node analysis. Cancer. 2000;88:1909–1915
- Pattern of nodal metastasis for primary and reoperative thyroid cancer. World Journal of Surgery. 2002;26:22–28
- Multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic parameters for the insular subtype of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Archives of Surgery. 2001;136:941–944
- Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas defined on the basis of mitosis and necrosis. Cancer. 2006;106:1286–1295
- Long-term outcome of patients with insular carcinomas of the thyroid. Cancer. 2002;95:2076–2085
- Extended surgery and early postoperative radiotherapy for undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2001;11:373–380
- . Surgical options in undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:969–977
- Thyroid carcinoma invading the cervicovisceral axis: routes of invasion and clinical implications. Surgery. 2001;129:23–28
- Standardizing neck dissection terminology. Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery. 1991;117:601–605
- Neck dissection classification update. Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery. 2002;128:751–758
- Distribution of lymph node micrometastasis in pN0 well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 2002;131:249–256
- TNM supplement. 3rd edn.. New York: Wiley-Liss; 2003;25–30
- Compartment-oriented microdissection of regional lymph nodes in medullary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery Today. 1994;24:112–121
- . Lymphadenektomie beim Schilddrüsenkarzinom. Der Chirurg. 1996;67:788–806
- Value of the cervical compartments in the surgical treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 2004;28:1275–1281
- Prognostic factors for persistent or recurrent disease of papillary thyroid carcinoma with neck lymph node metastases and/or tumor extension beyond the thyroid capsule at initial diagnosis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2005;90:5723–5729
- Clinical significance of lymph node metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma located in one lobe. World Journal of Surgery. 2006;30:1821–1828
- High prevalence and possible de novo formation of BRAF mutation in metastasized papillary thyroid cancer in lymph nodes. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2005;90:5265–5269
- Papillary microcarcinomas of the thyroid with preoperatively detectable lymph node metastasis show significantly higher aggressive characteristics on immuno-histochemical examination. Oncology. 2005;68:87–96
- Enhancement of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of thyroid carcinoma. Cancer. 2003;98:712–719
- Prognostic significance and surgical management of locoregional lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid cancer. World Journal of Surgery. 1994;18:559–568
- A novel classification system for patients with PTC: addition of the new variables of large (3 cm or greater) nodal metastases and reclassification during the follow-up period. Surgery. 2004;135:139–148
- . Lateral and mediastinal lymph node dissection in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: indications, benefits, and risks. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:905–915
- . Central lymph node dissection in differentiated thyroid cancer. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:895–904
- Clinical significance of metastasis to the central compartment from papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid. World Journal of Surgery. 2006;30:91–99
- Lymph node metastasis from 259 papillary thyroid microcarcinomas. Annals of Surgery. 2003;237:399–407
- Nodal yield, morbidity, and recurrence after central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 2005;138:1095–1101
- Extent of routine central lymph node dissection with small papillary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:1954–1959
- Preoperative ultrasonographic examination for lymph node metastasis: usefulness when designing lymph node dissection for papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid. World Journal of Surgery. 2004;28:498–501
- Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid: how should it be treated?. World Journal of Surgery. 2004;28:1115–1121
- Ultrasonographically and anatomopathologically detectable node metastases in the lateral compartment as indicators of worse relapse-free survival in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 2005;29:917–920
- Risk factors for recurrence to the lymph node in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients without preoperatively detectable lateral node metastasis: validity of prophylactic modified radical neck dissection. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:2085–2091
- Routine ipsilateral level VI lymphadenectomy reduces postoperative thyroglobulin levels in papillary thyroid cancer. Surgery. 2006;140:1000–1007
- Morbidity of prophylactic lymph node dissection in the central neck area in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery. 1998;383:167–169
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2005;353:1105–1113
- . Total thyroidectomy plus neck dissection in differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma patients. Annals of Surgery. 2007;245:604–610
- Complications of neck dissection for thyroid cancer. World Journal of Surgery. 2002;26:1013–1016
- Shoulder pain and function after neck dissection with or without preservation of the spinal accessory nerve. American Journal of Surgery. 1984;148:478–482
- Die transsternale zervikomediastinale Primärtumorresektion und Lymphadenektomie beim Schilddrüsenkarzinom. Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery. 1992;377:34–44
- Clinical evaluation of upper mediastinal dissection for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 1993;113:541–544
- . Contralateral spread of head and neck cancer. American Journal of Surgery. 1969;118:660–665
- . Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: a 35-year comparative study at a single institution. Annals of Surgery Oncology. 2006;13:176–181
- . Follicular and Hürthle cell carcinoma: predicting outcome and directing therapy. Surgery. 1998;124:967–974
- . The treatment and prognosis of Hürthle cell follicular thyroid carcinoma compared with its non-Hürthle cell counterpart. Surgery. 2005;138:1152–1158
- Poorly differentiated carcinoma. Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of Endocrine Organs. In: DeLellis R editors. RV Lloyd, PU Heitz, C Eng. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004;p. 73
- Poorly differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma: prognostic factors and relevance of histological classification. Thyroid. 2007;17:639–646
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Cancer. 2005;103:1330–1335
- Prospects of remission in medullary thyroid carcinoma according to basal calcitionin level. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2005;90:2029–2034
- . Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1998;338:297–306
- Locoregional recurrence and death from medullary thyroid carcinoma in a contemporaneous series: 5-year results. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2007;157:85–93
- Extent of disease and practice patterns for medullary thyroid cancer. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2005;200:890–896
- . Evidence-based approach to the management of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:946–956
- Prognostic factors for survival and for biochemical cure in medullary thyroid carcinoma: results in 899 patients. Clinical Endocrinology. 1998;48:265–273
- Rationale for central und bilateral lymph node dissection in sporadic and hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2003;88:2070–2075
- . Prediction of lateral lymph node metastases in medullary thyroid cancer. The British Journal of Surgery. 2008;95:586–591
- . Increased risk of lymph node metastasis in multifocal hereditary and sporadic medullary thyroid cancer. World Journal of Surgery. 2007;31:1960–1965
- . Prediction of mediastinal lymph node metastasis in medullary thyroid carcinoma. The British Journal of Surgery. 2004;91:709–712
- . Contralateral cervical and mediastinal lymph node metastasis in medullary thyroid cancer: systemic disease?. Surgery. 2006;139:28–32
- The value of lymph node dissection in hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective, European, multicentric study. Journal of Internal Medicine. 1995;238:357–361
- Early malignant progression of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;349:1517–1525
- Advances in the management of hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2005;257:50–59
- French Calcitonin Tumors Study Group (GETC). Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma with noncysteine RET mutations: phenotype-genotype relationship in a large series of patients. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2001;86:3746–3753
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in 75 children and adolescents with hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma: German and Austrian experience. World Journal of Surgery. 1998;22:744–751
- Importance of early screening and prophylactic thyroidectomy in asymptomatic nonindex RET germline carriers. World Journal of Surgery. 2001;25:713–717
- Timing and extent of surgery in patients with familial medullary thyroid carcinoma/multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A-related RET mutations not affecting codon 634. World Journal of Surgery. 2004;28:1312–1316
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Archives of Surgery. 2003;138:409–416
- Consensus. Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2001;86:5658–5671
- Reoperation for recurrent or persistent medullary thyroid cancer. Surgery. 1993;114:1090–1096
- . Reoperation in metastasizing medullary thyroid carcinoma: is a tumor stage-oriented approach justified?. Surgery. 1997;122:1124–1131
- . Determinative factors of biochemical cure after primary and reoperative surgery for sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. World Journal of Surgery. 1998;22:562–568
- Effective long-term palliation of symptomatic, incurable metastatic medullary thyroid cancer by operative resection. Annals of Surgery. 1998;227:887–895
- Repeat mediastinal lymph-node dissection for palliation in advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma. Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery. 1999;384:271–276
- Preventable reoperations for persistent and recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 2004;136:1189–1191
PII: S1521-690X(08)00116-4
doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2008.09.018
© 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 22, Issue 6
, Pages 971-987
, December 2008
