Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 21, Issue 2 , Pages 253-264 , June 2007

Placental transport of thyroid hormone

  • Mark D. Kilby, MBBS, MD, MRCOG (Dame Hilda Lloyd Professor of Maternal and Fetal Medicine)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 121 627 2778; Fax: +44 121 415 4837.

References 

  1. Macara L, Kingdom JC, Kaufmann P, et al. Structural analysis of placental terminal villi from growth-restricted pregnancies with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms. Placenta. 1996;17(1):37–48
  2. Cross JC. Placental function in development and disease. Reproduction, Fertility, and Development. 2006;18(1-2):71–76
  3. Calvo RM, Jauniaux E, Gulbis B, et al. Fetal tissues are exposed to biologically relevant free thyroxine concentrations during early phases of development. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2002;87(4):1768–1777
  4. Barber KJ, Franklyn JA, McCabe CJ, et al. The in vitro effects of triiodothyronine on epidermal growth factor-induced trophoblast function. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2005;90(3):1655–1661
  5. Thorpe-Beeston JG, Nicolaides KH, Felton CV, et al. Maturation of the secretion of thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone in the fetus. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1991;324(8):532–536
  6. Vulsma T, Gons MH, de Vijlder JJ. Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect or thyroid agenesis. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1989;321(1):13–16
  7. Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, Allan WC, et al. Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1999;341(8):549–555
  8. Pop VJ, Kuijpens JL, van Baar AL, et al. Low maternal free thyroxine concentrations during early pregnancy are associated with impaired psychomotor development in infancy. Clinical Endocrinology. 1999;50(2):149–155
  9. Kilby MD. Thyroid hormones and fetal brain development. Clinical Endocrinology. 2003;59(3):280–281
  10. Kilby MD, Barber K, Hobbs E, et al. Thyroid hormone action in the placenta. Placenta. 2005;26(2-3):105–113
  11. Maruo T, Matsuo H, Mochizuki M. Thyroid hormone as a biological amplifier of differentiated trophoblast function in early pregnancy. Acta Endocrinologica. 1991;125(1):58–66
  12. Matsuo H, Maruo T, Murata K, et al. Human early placental trophoblasts produce an epidermal growth factor-like substance in synergy with thyroid hormone. Acta Endocrinologica. 1993;128(3):225–229
  13. Maruo T, Matsuo H, Otani T, et al. Role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor in the development of the human placenta. Reproduction, Fertility, and Development. 1995;7(6):1465–1470
  14. Yen PM. Physiological and molecular basis of thyroid hormone action. Physiological Reviews. 2001;81(3):1097–1142
  15. Bianco AC, Salvatore D, Gereben B, et al. Biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, and physiological roles of the iodothyronine selenodeiodinases. Endocrine Reviews. 2002;23(1):38–89
  16. Mandel SJ, Berry MJ, Kieffer JD, et al. Cloning and in vitro expression of the human selenoprotein, type I iodothyronine deiodinase. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1992;75(4):1133–1139
  17. Salvatore D, Bartha T, Harney JW, et al. Molecular biological and biochemical characterization of the human type 2 selenodeiodinase. Endocrinology. 1996;137(8):3308–3315
  18. Kohrle J. Local activation and inactivation of thyroid hormones: the deiodinase family. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 1999;151(1-2):103–119
  19. Chan S, Kachilele S, McCabe CJ, et al. Early expression of thyroid hormone deiodinases and receptors in human fetal cerebral cortex. Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research. 2002;138(2):109–116
  20. Chan S, Kachilele S, Hobbs E, et al. Placental iodothyronine deiodinase expression in normal and growth-restricted human pregnancies. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2003;88(9):4488–4495
  21. Koopdonk-Kool JM, de Vijlder JJ, Veenboer GJ, et al. Type II and type III deiodinase activity in human placenta as a function of gestational age. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1996;81(6):2154–2158
  22. Santini F, Chiovato L, Ghirri P, et al. Serum iodothyronines in the human fetus and the newborn: evidence for an important role of placenta in fetal thyroid hormone homeostasis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1999;84(2):493–498
  23. Hennemann G, Docter R, Friesema EC, et al. Plasma membrane transport of thyroid hormones and its role in thyroid hormone metabolism and bioavailability. Endocrine Reviews. 2001;22(4):451–476
  24. de Jong M, Visser TJ, Bernard BF, et al. Transport and metabolism of iodothyronines in cultured human hepatocytes. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1993;77(1):139–143
  25. Mol JA, Krenning EP, Docter R, et al. Inhibition of iodothyronine transport into rat liver cells by a monoclonal antibody. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1986;261(17):7640–7643
  26. Friesema EC, Docter R, Moerings EP, et al. Identification of thyroid hormone transporters. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 1999;254(2):497–501
  27. Abe T, Kakyo M, Sakagami H, et al. Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of a new organic anion transporter subtype (oatp3) that transports thyroid hormones and taurocholate and comparison with oatp2. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1998;273(35):22395–22401
  28. Friesema EC, Jansen J, Visser TJ. Thyroid hormone transporters. Biochemical Society Transactions. 2005;33(Pt 1):228–232
  29. Fujiwara K, Adachi H, Nishio T, et al. Identification of thyroid hormone transporters in humans: different molecules are involved in a tissue-specific manner. Endocrinology. 2001;142(5):2005–2012
  30. Blondeau JP, Beslin A, Chantoux F, et al. Triiodothyronine is a high-affinity inhibitor of amino acid transport system L1 in cultured astrocytes. Journal of Neurochemistry. 1993;60(4):1407–1413
  31. Zhou Y, Samson M, Osty J, et al. Evidence for a close link between the thyroid hormone transport system and the aromatic amino acid transport system T in erythrocytes. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1990;265(28):17000–17004
  32. Zhou Y, Samson M, Francon J, et al. Thyroid hormone concentrative uptake in rat erythrocytes. Involvement of the tryptophan transport system T in countertransport of tri-iodothyronine and aromatic amino acids. The Biochemical Journal. 1992;281(Pt 1):81–86
  33. Kim DK, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, et al. Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2001;276(20):17221–17228
  34. Kim DK, Kanai Y, Matsuo H, et al. The human T-type amino acid transporter-1: characterization, gene organization, and chromosomal location. Genomics. 2002;79(1):95–103
  35. Friesema EC, Jachtenberg JW, Jansen J, et al. Human monocarboxylate transporter 10 does transport thyroid hormone [abstract]. Thyroid. 2006;16:913
  36. Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ. Organic anion transporting polypeptides of the OATP/SLC21 family: phylogenetic classification as OATP/SLCO superfamily, new nomenclature and molecular/functional properties. Pflügers Archiv. 2004;447(5):653–665
  37. Sato K, Sugawara J, Sato T, et al. Expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide E (OATP-E) in human placenta. Placenta. 2003;24(2-3):144–148
  38. Moe AJ. Placental amino acid transport. The American Journal of Physiology. 1995;268(6 Pt 1):C1321–C1331
  39. Verrey F, Closs EI, Wagner CA, et al. CATs and HATs: the SLC7 family of amino acid transporters. Pflügers Archiv. 2004;447(5):532–542
  40. Friesema EC, Docter R, Moerings EP, et al. Thyroid hormone transport by the heterodimeric human system L amino acid transporter. Endocrinology. 2001;142(10):4339–4348
  41. Prasad PD, Wang H, Huang W, et al. Human LAT1, a subunit of system L amino acid transporter: molecular cloning and transport function. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 1999;255(2):283–288
  42. Pineda M, Fernandez E, Torrents D, et al. Identification of a membrane protein, LAT-2, that Co-expresses with 4F2 heavy chain, an L-type amino acid transport activity with broad specificity for small and large zwitterionic amino acids. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1999;274(28):19738–19744
  43. Ritchie JW, Taylor PM. Role of the System L permease LAT1 in amino acid and iodothyronine transport in placenta. The Biochemical Journal. 2001;356(Pt 3):719–725
  44. Rossier G, Meier C, Bauch C, et al. LAT2, a new basolateral 4F2hc/CD98-associated amino acid transporter of kidney and intestine. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1999;274(49):34948–34954
  45. Lafreniere RG, Carrel L, Willard HF. A novel transmembrane transporter encoded by the XPCT gene in Xq13.2. Human Molecular Genetics. 1994;3(7):1133–1139
  46. Friesema EC, Ganguly S, Abdalla A, et al. Identification of monocarboxylate transporter 8 as a specific thyroid hormone transporter. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003;278(41):40128–40135
  47. Friesema EC, Kuiper GG, Jansen J, et al. Thyroid hormone transport by the human monocarboxylate transporter 8 and its rate-limiting role in intracellular metabolism. Molecular Endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.). 2006;20(11):2761–2772
  48. Dumitrescu AM, Liao XH, Best TB, et al. A novel syndrome combining thyroid and neurological abnormalities is associated with mutations in a monocarboxylate transporter gene. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2004;74(1):168–175
  49. Friesema EC, Grueters A, Biebermann H, et al. Association between mutations in a thyroid hormone transporter and severe X-linked psychomotor retardation. Lancet. 2004;364(9443):1435–1437
  50. Biebermann H, Ambrugger P, Tarnow P, et al. Extended clinical phenotype, endocrine investigations and functional studies of a loss-of-function mutation A150V in the thyroid hormone specific transporter MCT8. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2005;153(3):359–366
  51. Brockmann K, Dumitrescu AM, Best TT, et al. X-linked paroxysmal dyskinesia and severe global retardation caused by defective MCT8 gene. Journal of Neurology. 2005;252(6):663–666
  52. Holden KR, Zuniga OF, May MM, et al. X-linked MCT8 gene mutations: characterization of the pediatric neurologic phenotype. Journal of Child Neurology. 2005;20(10):852–857
  53. Kakinuma H, Itoh M, Takahashi H. A novel mutation in the monocarboxylate transporter 8 gene in a boy with putamen lesions and low free T4 levels in cerebrospinal fluid. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2005;147(4):552–554
  54. Maranduba CM, Friesema EC, Kok F, et al. Decreased cellular uptake and metabolism in Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS) due to a novel mutation in the MCT8 thyroid hormone transporter. Journal of Medical Genetics. 2006;43(5):457–460
  55. Schwartz CE, May MM, Carpenter NJ, et al. Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome and the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) gene. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2005;77(1):41–53
  56. Herzovich V, Vaiani E, Marino R, et al. Unexpected peripheral markers of thyroid function in a patient with a novel mutation of the MCT8 thyroid hormone transporter gene. Hormone Research. 2006;67(1):1–6
  57. Friesema EC, Jansen J, Heuer H, et al. Mechanisms of disease: psychomotor retardation and high T3 levels caused by mutations in monocarboxylate transporter 8. Nature Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2006;2(9):512–523
  58. Dumitrescu AM, Liao XH, Weiss RE, et al. Tissue-specific thyroid hormone deprivation and excess in monocarboxylate transporter (mct) 8-deficient mice. Endocrinology. 2006;147(9):4036–4043
  59. Chan SY, Franklyn JA, Pemberton HN, et al. Monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression in the human placenta: the effects of severe intrauterine growth restriction. The Journal of Endocrinology. 2006;189(3):465–471
  60. Kilby MD, Verhaeg J, Gittoes N, et al. Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and placental thyroid hormone receptor expression in normal human pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1998;83(8):2964–2971
  61. Gaffney G, Sellers S, Flavell V, et al. Case-control study of intrapartum care, cerebral palsy, and perinatal death. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 1994;308(6931):743–750
  62. Jansen J, Friesema EC, Milici C, et al. Thyroid hormone transporters in health and disease. Thyroid. 2005;15(8):757–768

PII: S1521-690X(07)00022-X

doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2007.03.001

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 21, Issue 2 , Pages 253-264 , June 2007