Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 163-172 , March 2007

Molecular targeted therapy for carcinoid and islet-cell carcinoma

  • James C. Yao, MD (Assistant Professor)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationTel.: +1 713 792 2828; Fax: +1 713 745 1163.

References 

  1. Faiss S, Pape UF, Bohmig M, et al. Prospective, randomized, multicenter trial on the antiproliferative effect of lanreotide, interferon alfa, and their combination for therapy of metastatic neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors–the International Lanreotide and Interferon Alfa Study Group. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2003;21:2689–2696
  2. Schnirer , Yao JC, Ajani JA. Carcinoid: A comprehensive review. Acta Oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). 2003;42:672–692
  3. Kouvaraki MA, Ajani JA, Hoff P, et al. Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and streptozocin in the treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic endocrine carcinomas. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2004;22:4762–4771
  4. Dong Q, Debelenko LV, Chandrasekharappa SC, et al. Loss of heterozygosity at 11q13: analysis of pituitary tumors, lung carcinoids, lipomas, and other uncommon tumors in subjects with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1997;82:1416–1420
  5. Debelenko LV, Brambilla E, Agarwal SK, et al. Identification of MEN1 gene mutations in sporadic carcinoid tumors of the lung. Human Molecular Genetics. 1997;6:2285–2290
  6. Jakobovitz O, Nass D, DeMarco L, et al. Carcinoid tumors frequently display genetic abnormalities involving chromosome 11. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1996;81:3164–3167
  7. Walch AK, Zitzelsberger HF, Aubele MM, et al. Typical and atypical carcinoid tumors of the lung are characterized by 11q deletions as detected by comparative genomic hybridization. The American Journal of Pathology. 1998;153:1089–1098
  8. Hughes CM, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Milne TA, et al. Menin associates with a trithorax family histone methyltransferase complex and with the hoxc8 locus. Molecular Cell. 2004;13:587–597
  9. Scacheri PC, Davis S, Odom DT, et al. Genome-wide analysis of menin binding provides insights into MEN1 tumorigenesis. PLoS Genetics. 2006;2:e51
  10. Plank TL, Logginidou H, Klein-Szanto A, Henske EP. The expression of hamartin, the product of the TSC1 gene, in normal human tissues and in TSC1- and TSC2-linked angiomyolipomas. Modern Pathology. 1999;12:539–545
  11. Verhoef S, van Diemen-Steenvoorde R, Akkersdijk WL, et al. Malignant pancreatic tumour within the spectrum of tuberous sclerosis complex in childhood. European Journal of Pediatrics. 1999;158:284–287
  12. Eledrisi MS, Stuart CA, Alshanti M. Insulinoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis: is there an association?. Endocrine Practice. 2002;8:109–112
  13. Tan CC, Hall RI, Semeraro D, et al. Ampullary somatostatinoma associated with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis presenting as obstructive jaundice. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 1996;22:298–301
  14. van Basten JP, van Hoek B, de Bruine A, et al. Ampullary carcinoid and neurofibromatosis: case report and review of the literature. The Netherlands Journal of Medicine. 1994;44:202–206
  15. Yoshida A, Hatanaka S, Ohi Y, et al. von Recklinghausen's disease associated with somatostatin-rich duodenal carcinoid (somatostatinoma), medullary thyroid carcinoma and diffuse adrenal medullary hyperplasia. Acta Pathologica Japonica. 1991;41:847–856
  16. Johannessen CM, Reczek EE, James MF, et al. The NF1 tumor suppressor critically regulates TSC2 and mTOR. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA. 2005;102:8573–8578
  17. Hammel PR, Vilgrain V, Terris B, et al. Pancreatic involvement in von Hippel-Lindau disease. The Groupe Francophone d'Etude de la Maladie de von Hippel-Lindau. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:1087–1095
  18. Libutti SK, Choyke PL, Bartlett DL, et al. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors associated with von Hippel Lindau disease: diagnostic and management recommendations. Surgery. 1998;124:1153–1159
  19. Hurr K, Kemp B, Silver SA, el-Naggar AK. Microsatellite alteration at chromosome 3p loci in neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine lung tumors. Histogenetic and clinical relevance. The American Journal of Pathology. 1996;149:613–620
  20. Kovatich A, Friedland DM, Druck T, et al. Molecular alterations to human chromosome 3p loci in neuroendocrine lung tumors. Cancer. 1998;83:1109–1117
  21. Zhao J, Moch H, Scheidweiler AF, et al. Genomic imbalances in the progression of endocrine pancreatic tumors. Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. 2001;32:364–372
  22. Rigaud G, Missiaglia E, Moore PS, et al. High resolution allelotype of nonfunctional pancreatic endocrine tumors: identification of two molecular subgroups with clinical implications. Cancer Research. 2001;61:285–292
  23. Wang GG, Yao JC, Worah S, et al. Comparison of genetic alterations in neuroendocrine tumors: frequent loss of chromosome 18 in ileal carcinoid tumors. Modern Pathology. 2005;18:1079–1087
  24. Kytola S, Hoog A, Nord B, et al. Comparative genomic hybridization identifies loss of 18q22-qter as an early and specific event in tumorigenesis of midgut carcinoids. The American Journal of Pathology. 2001;158:1803–1808
  25. Zhao J, de Krijger RR, Meier D, et al. Genomic alterations in well-differentiated gastrointestinal and bronchial neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids): marked differences indicating diversity in molecular pathogenesis. The American Journal of Pathology. 2000;157:1431–1438
  26. Cheng JY, Sheu LF, Meng CL, Lin JC. Expression of p53 protein in colorectal carcinoids. Archives of Surgery. 1996;131:67–70
  27. Neary PC, Redmond PH, Houghton T, et al. Carcinoid disease: Review of the literature. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. 1997;40:349–362
  28. Coppola D, Clarke M, Landreneau R, et al. Bcl-2, p53, CD44, and CD44v6 isoform expression in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung. Modern Pathology. 1996;9:484–490
  29. Zirbes TK, Lorenzen J, Baldus SE, et al. Apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 protein are inverse factors influencing tumour cell turnover in primary carcinoid tumours of the lung. Histopathology. 1998;33:123–128
  30. Brambilla E, Negoescu A, Gazzeri S, et al. Apoptosis-related factors p53, Bcl2, and Bax in neuroendocrine lung tumors. The American Journal of Pathology. 1996;149:1941–1952
  31. Azzoni C, Doglioni C, Viale G, et al. Involvement of BCL-2 oncoprotein in the development of enterochromaffin like cell gastric carcinoids. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 1996;20:433–441
  32. Chaudhry A, Funa K, Oberg K. Expression of growth factor peptides and their receptors in neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system. Acta Oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). 1993;32:107–114
  33. Beauchamp RD, Coffey RJ, Lyons RM, et al. Human carcinoid cell production of paracrine growth factors that can stimulate fibroblast and endothelial cell growth. Cancer Research. 1991;51:5253–5260
  34. Terris B, Scoazec JY, Rubbia L, et al. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in digestive neuroendocrine tumours. Histopathology. 1998;32:133–138
  35. Ambs S, Bennett WP, Merriam WG, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide synthase expression in human lung cancer and the relation to p53. British Journal of Cancer. 1998;78:233–239
  36. Hobday TJ, Rubin J, Goldberg R, et al. Molecular markers in metastatic gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. In: Annual Meeting of American Society of Clinical Oncology. Chicago, IL: American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2003 May 31;p. 269
  37. Phan AT, Wang L, Xie K, et al. Association of VEGF expression with poor prognosis among patients with low-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma. In: Annual Meeting of American Society of Clinical Oncology. Atlanda, GA: American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2006 June 2;p. 200
  38. Nilsson O, Wangberg B, Theodorsson E, et al. Presence of IGF-I in human midgut carcinoid tumours–an autocrine regulator of carcinoid tumour growth?. International Journal of Cancer. 1992;51:195–203
  39. von Wichert G, Jehle PM, Hoeflich A, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-I is an autocrine regulator of chromogranin A secretion and growth in human neuroendocrine tumor cells. Cancer Research. 2000;60:4573–4581
  40. Chaudhry A, Oberg K, Gobl A, et al. Expression of transforming growth factors beta 1, beta 2, beta 3 in neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system. Anticancer Research. 1994;14:2085–2091
  41. Nilsson O, Wangberg B, Kolby L, et al. Expression of transforming growth factor alpha and its receptor in human neuroendocrine tumours. International Journal of Cancer. 1995;60:645–651
  42. Krishnamurthy S, Dayal Y. Immunohistochemical expression of transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor in gastrointestinal carcinoids. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 1997;21:327–333
  43. Facco C, La Rosa S, Dionigi A, et al. High expression of growth factors and growth factor receptors in ovarian metastases from ileal carcinoids: an immunohistochemical study of 2 cases. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 1998;122:828–832
  44. Nilsson O, Wangberg B, McRae A, et al. Growth factors and carcinoid tumours. Acta Oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). 1993;32:115–124
  45. Papouchado B, Erickson LA, Rohlinger AL, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor and activated epidermal growth factor receptor expression in gastrointestinal carcinoids and pancreatic endocrine carcinomas. Modern Pathology. 2005;18:1329–1335
  46. Funa K, Papanicolaou V, Juhlin C, et al. Expression of platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptors on stromal tissue cells in human carcinoid tumors. Cancer Research. 1990;50:748–753
  47. Druker BJ, Talpaz M, Resta DJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in chronic myeloid leukemia. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2001;344:1031–1037
  48. Demetri GD, von Mehren M, Blanke CD, et al. Efficacy and safety of imatinib mesylate in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2002;347:472–480
  49. Carr K, Yao JC, Rashid A, et al. A phase II trial of imatinib in patients with advanced carcinoid tumor. In: Annual Meeting of American Society of Clinical Oncology. New Orleans, LA: American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2004;
  50. Konno H, Arai T, Tanaka T, et al. Antitumor effect of a neutralizing antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor on liver metastasis of endocrine neoplasm. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. 1998;89:933–939
  51. von Marschall Z, Scholz A, Cramer T, et al. Effects of interferon alpha on vascular endothelial growth factor gene transcription and tumor angiogenesis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2003;95:437–448
  52. Kulke MH, Lenz HJ, Meropol NJ, et al. A phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SU11248 in patients (pts) with unresectable neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2005;23:310s
  53. Hobday T, Holen K, Donehower R, et al. A phase II trial of gefitinib in patients (pts) with progressive metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET): A Phase II Consortium (P2C) study. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2006;24:189s
  54. Perren A, Komminoth P, Saremaslani P, et al. Mutation and expression analyses reveal differential subcellular compartmentalization of PTEN in endocrine pancreatic tumors compared to normal islet cells. The American Journal of Pathology. 2000;157:1097–1103
  55. Yao JC, Phan AT, Chang DZ, et al. Phase II study of RAD001 (everolimus) and depot octreotide (Sandostatin LAR) in patients with advanced low grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (LGNET). Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2006;24:189s
  56. Yao JC, Ng C, Hoff PM, et al. Improved progression free survival (PFS), and rapid, sustained decrease in tumor perfusion among patients with advanced carcinoid treated with bevacizumab. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2005;23(16S):309s

PII: S1521-690X(07)00007-3

doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2007.01.006

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 163-172 , March 2007

Article Tools