Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)

doi:10.1053/beem.2002.0227

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Volume 16, Issue 4, December 2002, Pages 679-702

https://doi.org/10.1053/beem.2002.0227 Get rights and content

Abstract

Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is the energy expended for everything we do that is not sleeping, eating or sports-like exercise. It ranges from the energy expended walking to work, typing, performing yard work, undertaking agricultural tasks and fidgeting. Even trivial physical activities increase metabolic rate substantially and it is the cumulative impact of a multitude of exothermic actions that culminate in an individual's daily NEAT. It is, therefore, not surprising that NEAT explains a vast majority of an individual's non-resting energy needs.

Epidemiological studies highlight the importance of culture in promoting and quashing NEAT. Agricultural and manual workers have high NEAT, whereas wealth and industrialization appear to decrease NEAT.

Physiological studies demonstrate, intriguingly, that NEAT is modulated with changes in energy balance; NEAT increases with overfeeding and decreases with underfeeding. Thus, NEAT could be a critical component in how we maintain our body weight and/or develop obesity or lose weight.

The mechanism that regulates NEAT is unknown. However, hypothalamic factors have been identified that specifically and directly increase NEAT in animals. By understanding how NEAT is regulated we may come to appreciate that spontaneous physical activity is not spontaneous at all but carefully programmed.

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Regular ArticleNon-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)

Abstract

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Baillières Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Public Health

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

Metabolism

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Metabolism: Clinical & Experimental

Metabolism

Some consequences of body size

American Journal of Physiology

Thermic effect of food after ingested versus tube-delivered meals

American Journal of Physiology

Thermic effect of food in lean and obese men

Journal of Clinical Investigation

Thermic effect of food in man: effect of meal composition, and energy content

British Journal of Nutrition

Physical activity and regulation of food intake: current evidence

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Prescribing exercise in multiple short bouts versus one continuous bout: effects on adherence, cardiorespiratory fitness, and weight loss in overweight women

International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders

Potential contribution of leisure activity to the energy expenditure patterns of sedentary populations

British Journal of Nutrition

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Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

Determinants of 24-hour energy expenditure in man. Methods and results using a respiratory chamber

Journal of Clinical Investigation

Within- and between-person variation in dietary surveys: number of days needed to classify individuals

Human Nutrition and Applied Nutrition

Modification of a whole room indirect calorimeter for measurement of rapid changes in energy expenditure

Journal of Applied Physiology

Human energy expenditure in affluent societies: an analysis of 574 doubly-labelled water measurements

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Theoretical and practical considerations in the doubly-labelled water (2H2(18)O) method for the measurement of carbon dioxide production rate in man

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Contributions of the doubly labeled water method to studies of energy balance in the Third World

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Deuterium exchange in humans: effect of gender, body composition and age

Basic Life Sciences

Measurement of total energy expenditure by the doubly labelled water technique in free living Indians in Bangalore city

Indian Journal of Medical Research

Precision of the doubly labelled water method using the two-point calculation

Human Nutrition–Clinical Nutrution

Calculation of energy expenditure from indirect calorimetry: assessment of the Weir equation

Nutrition

New methods for calculating metabolic rate with special reference to protein metabolism

Nutrition

Accuracy of physiologic deadspace measurement in intubated pediatric patients using a metabolic monitor: comparison with the Douglas bag method

Critical Care Medicine

A portable lightweight Douglas bag instrument for use during various types of exercise

International Journal of Sports Medicine

The validity of anaerobic threshold determination by a Douglas bag method compared with arterial blood lactate concentration

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology

A method for determining the total respiratory exchange in man

Journal of Physiology

Portable respiratory gas collection equipment

Journal of Applied Physiology

Energy expenditure on household, childcare and occupational activities of women from urban poor households

British Journal of Nutrition

Validation of a computerized metabolic measurement system (Oxycon-Pro) during low and high intensity exercise

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Validation of the COSMED K4 b2 portable metabolic system

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Energy requirements of adults: an update on basal metabolic rates (BMRs) and physical activity levels (PALs)

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Seasonal energy deficiency in Ethiopian rural women

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Spontaneous physical activity measured by radar in obese and control subject studied in a respiration chamber

International Journal of Obesity

Physical activity and anthropometric measurements of obese adolescents

Federation Proceedings

Regular Article
Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)